Powell Surname Meaning and Family History

The Powell surname typically originated as a contraction of the Welsh Ap Howell, meaning son of Howell. The given name Howell is an anglicized form of Hywel, meaning eminent in Welsh. Due to the system of Welsh patronymics, many individuals living today who use the Powell surname originally descended down that line from a family that may have used a different surname. Surname Origin: Welsh Alternate Surname Spellings:  POWEL, POUEL, POWELLS, PAUWEL, PAUWELS, POWELS Famous People with the Powell  Surname Colin Powell - American diplomat and military leader;  the first African American appointed as the U.S. Secretary of StateWilliam Powell  -  William Powell was a baritone-voiced actor remembered for playing Nick Charles in The Thin Man films.Adam Clayton Powell Jr.  -  20th century clergyman and U.S. representative; civil rights activistJohn Wesley Powell - American scientist, soldier and explorer;  credited with leading the first group of white men down the Colorado River through the Grand CanyonEnoch Powell -  British politician, classical scholar, linguist, and poet Where Is the Powell Surname Most Common? The Powell surname, according to surname distribution information from Forebears, is the 1,441st most common surname in the world. It is most common today in Wales, where it ranks as the 23rd most frequent surname. It is also among the top 100 surnames in England (88th), the United States (91st) and Jamaica (32nd). Powell is a common last name throughout Wales, but especially in the southern regions such as around Glamorganshire, Brecknockshire and Radnorshire. WorldNames PublicProfiler indicates the Powell surname is especially frequent in Wales and western England, particularly Herefordshire and Monmouthshire. Genealogy Resources for the Surname Powell Powell Surname DNA ProjectOver 470 members have joined this Y-DNA project to work together to use DNA testing along with traditional genealogy research to help determine Powell origins and distinguish between various Powell lines. Powell  Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Powell  family crest or coat of arms for the Powell surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. Powell Family Genealogy ForumThis free message board is focused on descendants of Powell  ancestors around the world. Search the forum for posts about your Powell ancestors, or join the forum and post your own queries. Since Powell is an old Welsh surname, you may also wish to consider joining the Welsh Patronymics DNA Project. FamilySearch - Powell GenealogyExplore over 4 million  results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Powell surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Powell Surname Mailing ListFree mailing list for researchers of the Powell  surname and its variations includes subscription details and a searchable archives of past messages. GeneaNet - Powell  RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Powell  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. The Powell  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Powell  surname from the website of Genealogy Today.----------------------- Source Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Information Technology And The Technology Essay - 813 Words

Pradeep Kumar Chagantipati CUW id: F00437246 Information Technology: From my perspective, Information Technology means utilizing and managing the technology in order to solve problems. In simple terms, look into the word â€Å"Information Technology† we find two words, â€Å"Information† and â€Å"Technology† where information means processing the data in an organized way and technology refers to using electronics machines or systems to complete the work in simple ways. Attributes of Good Information: †¢ Information should be accurate and relevant. †¢ It must be communicated within the allotted time. †¢ Maintain information Up-to-date. †¢ Easy to understand †¢ Information should be consistent and reliable. Attributes of Good Technology: †¢ It is entirely based on human knowledge. †¢ Uses tools, materials, and systems. †¢ Developed to help humankind. At present, â€Å"Information Technology (IT) is a very essential part of our life. The processing of data is done by a computer with the help of hardware and software technology. â€Å"Information Technology has become a major driving force in many organizations† . To sell their products and services successfully these organizations require IT applications. For example, Companies are utilizing the internet for transferring data faster and performing different exercises to accomplish productivity. Companies like â€Å"amazon.com† using internet service to sell their products efficiently. The Internet has influence over many sectors like business and education. InShow MoreRelatedTechnology And Information Technology748 Words   |  3 PagesThe development of location-aware technologies in recent decades has made it possible to use data obtained from smartphones’ various sensors for transportation planning purposes. GPS sensors, Cellular network signals and Wi-Fi are the most referred source of data in related literature. 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Part Two Chapter IX Free Essays

IX ‘And where are you going?’ asked Simon, planting himself squarely in the middle of the tiny hall. The front door was open, and the glass porch behind him, full of shoes and coats, was blinding in the bright Saturday morning sun, turning Simon into a silhouette. His shadow rippled up the stairs, just touching the one on which Andrew stood. We will write a custom essay sample on Part Two Chapter IX or any similar topic only for you Order Now ‘Into town with Fats.’ ‘Homework all finished, is it?’ ‘Yeah.’ It was a lie; but Simon would not bother to check. ‘Ruth? Ruth!’ She appeared at the kitchen door, wearing an apron, flushed, with her hands covered in flour. ‘What?’ ‘Do we need anything from town?’ ‘What? No, I don’t think so.’ ‘Taking my bike, are you?’ demanded Simon of Andrew. ‘Yeah, I was going to – ‘ ‘Leaving it at Fats’ house?’ ‘Yeah.’ ‘What time do we want him back?’ Simon asked, turning to Ruth again. ‘Oh, I don’t know, Si,’ said Ruth impatiently. The furthest she ever went in irritation with her husband was on occasions when Simon, though basically in a good mood, started laying down the law for the fun of it. Andrew and Fats often went into town together, on the vague understanding that Andrew would return before it became dark. ‘Five o’clock, then,’ said Simon arbitrarily. ‘Any later and you’re grounded.’ ‘Fine,’ Andrew replied. He kept his right hand in his jacket pocket, clenched over a tightly folded wad of paper, intensely aware of it, like a ticking grenade. The fear of losing this piece of paper, on which was inscribed a line of meticulously written code, and a number of crossed-out, reworked and heavily edited sentences, had been plaguing him for a week. He had been keeping it on him at all times, and sleeping with it inside his pillowcase. Simon barely moved aside, so that Andrew had to edge past him into the porch, his fingers clamped over the paper. He was terrified that Simon would demand that he turn out his pockets, ostensibly looking for cigarettes. ‘Bye, then.’ Simon did not answer. Andrew proceeded into the garage, where he took out the note, unfolded it and read it. He knew that he was being irrational, that mere proximity to Simon could not have magically switched the papers, but still he made sure. Satisfied that all was safe, he refolded it, tucked it deeper into his pocket, which fastened with a stud, then wheeled the racing bike out of the garage and down through the gate into the lane. He could tell that his father was watching him through the glass door of the porch, hoping, Andrew was sure, to see him fall off or mistreat the bicycle in some way. Pagford lay below Andrew, slightly hazy in the cool spring sun, the air fresh and tangy. Andrew sensed the point at which Simon’s eyes could no longer follow him; it felt as though pressure had been removed from his back. Down the hill into Pagford he streaked, not touching the brakes; then he turned into Church Row. Approximately halfway along the street he slowed down and cycled decorously into the drive of the Walls’ house, taking care to avoid Cubby’s car. ‘Hello, Andy,’ said Tessa, opening the front door to him. ‘Hi, Mrs Wall.’ Andrew accepted the convention that Fats’ parents were laughable. Tessa was plump and plain, her hairstyle was odd and her dress sense embarrassing, while Cubby was comically uptight; yet Andrew could not help but suspect that if the Walls had been his parents, he might have been tempted to like them. They were so civilized, so courteous. You never had the feeling, in their house, that the floor might suddenly give way and plunge you into chaos. Fats was sitting on the bottom stair, putting on his trainers. A packet of loose tobacco was clearly visible, peeking out of the breast pocket of his jacket. ‘Arf.’ ‘Fats.’ ‘D’you want to leave your father’s bicycle in the garage, Andy?’ ‘Yeah, thanks, Mrs Wall.’ (She always, he reflected, said ‘your father’, never ‘your dad’. Andrew knew that Tessa detested Simon; it was one of the things that made him pleased to overlook the horrible shapeless clothes she wore, and the unflattering blunt-cut fringe. Her antipathy dated from that horrific epoch-making occasion, years and years before, when a six-year-old Fats had come to spend Saturday afternoon at Hilltop House for the first time. Balancing precariously on top of a box in the garage, trying to retrieve a couple of old badminton racquets, the two boys had accidentally knocked down the contents of a rickety shelf. Andrew remembered the tin of creosote falling, smashing onto the roof of the car and bursting open, and the terror that had engulfed him, and his inability to communicate to his giggling friend what they had brought upon themselves. Simon had heard the crash. He ran out to the garage and advanced on them with his jaw jutting, making his low, moaning animal noise, before starting to roar threats of dire physical punishment, his fists clenched inches from their small, upturned faces. Fats had wet himself. A stream of urine had spattered down the inside of his shorts onto the garage floor. Ruth, who had heard the yelling from the kitchen, had run from the house to intervene: ‘No, Si – Si, no – it was an accident.’ Fats was white and shaking; he wanted to go home straight away; he wanted his mum. Tessa had arrived, and Fats had run to her in his soaking shorts, sobbing. It was the only time in his life that Andrew had seen his father at a loss, backing down. Somehow Tessa had conveyed white-hot fury without raising her voice, without threatening, without hitting. She had written out a cheque and forced it into Simon’s hand, while Ruth said, ‘No, no, there’s no need, there’s no need.’ Simon had followed her to her car, trying to laugh it all off; but Tessa had given him a look of contempt while loading the still-sobbing Fats into the passenger seat, and slammed the driver’s door in Simon’s smiling face. Andrew had seen his parents’ expressions: Tessa was taking away with her, down the hill into the town, something that usually remained hidden in the house on top of the hill.) Fats courted Simon these days. Whenever he came up to Hilltop House, he went out of his way to make Simon laugh; and in return, Simon welcomed Fats’ visits, enjoyed his crudest jokes, liked hearing about his antics. Still, when alone with Andrew, Fats concurred wholeheartedly that Simon was a Grade A, 24-carat cunt. ‘I reckon she’s a lezzer,’ said Fats, as they walked past the Old Vicarage, dark in the shadow of the Scots pine, with ivy covering its front. ‘Your mum?’ asked Andrew, barely listening, lost in his own thoughts. ‘What?’ yelped Fats, and Andrew saw that he was genuinely outraged. ‘Fuck off! Sukhvinder Jawanda.’ ‘Oh, yeah. Right.’ Andrew laughed, and so, a beat later, did Fats. The bus into Yarvil was crowded; Andrew and Fats had to sit next to each other, rather than in two double seats, as they preferred. As they passed the end of Hope Street, Andrew glanced along it, but it was deserted. He had not run into Gaia outside school since the afternoon when they had both secured Saturday jobs at the Copper Kettle. The cafe would open the following weekend; he experienced waves of euphoria every time he thought of it. ‘Si-Pie’s election campaign on track, is it?’ asked Fats, busy making roll-ups. One long leg was stuck out at an angle into the aisle of the bus; people were stepping over it rather than asking him to move. ‘Cubby’s cacking it already, and he’s only making his pamphlet.’ ‘Yeah, he’s busy,’ said Andrew, and he bore without flinching a silent eruption of panic in the pit of his stomach. He thought of his parents at the kitchen table, as they had been, nightly, for the past week; of a box of stupid pamphlets Simon had had printed at work; of the list of talking points Ruth had helped Simon compile, which he used as he made telephone calls, every evening, to every person he knew within the electoral boundary. Simon did all of it with an air of immense effort. He was tightly wound at home, displaying heightened aggression towards his sons; he might have been shouldering a burden that they had shirked. The only topic of conversation at meals was the election, with Simon and Ruth speculating about the forces ranged against Simon. They took it very personally that other candidates were standing for Barry Fairbrother’s old seat, and seemed to assume that Colin Wall and Miles Mollison spent most of their time plotting together, staring up at Hilltop House, focused entirely on defeating the man who lived there. Andrew checked his pocket again for the folded paper. He had not told Fats what he intended to do. He was afraid that Fats might broadcast it; Andrew was not sure how to impress upon his friend the necessity for absolute secrecy, how to remind Fats that the maniac who had made little boys piss themselves was still alive and well, and living in Andrew’s house. ‘Cubby’s not too worried about Si-Pie,’ said Fats. ‘He thinks the big competition is Miles Mollison.’ ‘Yeah,’ said Andrew. He had heard his parents discussing it. Both of them seemed to think that Shirley had betrayed them; that she ought to have forbidden her son from challenging Simon. ‘This is a holy fucking crusade for Cubby, y’know,’ said Fats, rolling a cigarette between forefinger and thumb. ‘He’s picking up the regimental flag for his fallen comrade. Ole Barry Fairbrother.’ He poked strands of tobacco into the end of the roll-up with a match. ‘Miles Mollison’s wife’s got gigantic tits,’ said Fats. An elderly woman sitting in front of them turned her head to glare at Fats. Andrew began to laugh again. ‘Humungous bouncing jubblies,’ Fats said loudly, into the scowling, crumpled face. ‘Great big juicy double-F mams.’ She turned her red face slowly to face the front of the bus again. Andrew could barely breathe. They got off the bus in the middle of Yarvil, near the precinct and main pedestrian-only shopping street, and wove their way through the shoppers, smoking Fats’ roll-ups. Andrew had virtually no money left: Howard Mollison’s wages would be very welcome. The bright-orange sign of the internet cafe seemed to blaze at Andrew from a distance, beckoning him on. He could not concentrate on what Fats was saying. Are you going to? he kept asking himself. Are you going to? He did not know. His feet kept moving, and the sign was growing larger and larger, luring him, leering at him. If I find out you’ve breathed a word about what’s said in this house, I’ll skin you alive. But the alternative †¦ the humiliation of having Simon show what he was to the world; the toll it would take on the family when, after weeks of anticipation and idiocy, he was defeated, as he must be. Then would come rage and spite, and a determination to make everybody else pay for his own lunatic decisions. Only the previous evening Ruth had said brightly, ‘The boys will go through Pagford and post your pamphlets for you.’ Andrew had seen, in his peripheral vision, Paul’s look of horror and his attempt to make eye contact with his brother. ‘I wanna go in here,’ mumbled Andrew, turning right. They bought tickets with codes on them, and sat down at different computers, two occupied seats apart. The middle-aged man on Andrew’s right stank of body odour and old fags, and kept sniffing. Andrew logged onto the internet, and typed in the name of the website: Pagford †¦ Parish †¦ Council †¦ dot †¦ co †¦ dot †¦ uk †¦ The homepage bore the council arms in blue and white, and a picture of Pagford that had been taken from a point close to Hilltop House, with Pargetter Abbey silhouetted against the sky. The site, as Andrew already knew, from looking at it on a school computer, looked dated and amateurish. He had not dared go near it on his own laptop; his father might be immensely ignorant about the internet, but Andrew did not rule out the possibility that Simon might find somebody at work who could help him investigate, once the thing was done †¦ Even in this bustling anonymous place, there was no avoiding the fact that today’s date would be on the posting, or of pretending that he had not been in Yarvil when it happened; but Simon had never visited an internet cafe in his life, and might not be aware that they existed. The rapid contraction of Andrew’s heart was painful. Swiftly, he scrolled down the message board, which did not seem to enjoy a lot of traffic. There were threads entitled: refuse collection – a Query and school catchment areas in Crampton and Little manning? Every tenth entry or so was a posting from the Administrator, attaching Minutes of the Last Council Meeting. Right at the bottom of the page was a thread entitled: Death of Cllr Barry Fairbrother. This had received 152 views and forty-three responses. Then, on the second page of the message board, he found what he hoped to find: a post from the dead man. A couple of months previously, Andrew’s computing set had been supervised by a young supply teacher. He had been trying to look cool, trying to get the class onside. He shouldn’t have mentioned SQL injections at all, and Andrew was quite sure that he had not been the only one who went straight home and looked them up. He pulled out the piece of paper on which he had written the code he had researched in odd moments at school, and brought up the log-in page on the council website. Everything hinged on the premise that the site had been set up by an amateur a long time ago; that it had never been protected from the simplest of classical hacks. Carefully, using only his index finger, he input the magic line of characters. He read them through twice, making sure that every apostrophe was where it should be, hesitated for a second on the brink, his breathing shallow, then pressed return. He gasped, as gleeful as a small child, and had to fight the urge to shout out or punch the air. He had penetrated the tin-pot site at his first attempt. There, on the screen in front of him, were Barry Fairbrother’s user details: his name, his password, his entire profile. Andrew smoothed out the magic paper he had kept under his pillow all week, and set to work. Typing up his next paragraph, with its many crossings out and reworkings, was a much more laborious process. He had been trying for a style that was as impersonal and impenetrable as possible; for the dispassionate tone of a broadsheet journalist. Aspiring Parish Councillor Simon Price hopes to stand on a platform of cutting wasteful council spending. Mr Price is certainly no stranger to keeping down costs, and should be able to give the council the benefit of his many useful contacts. He saves money at home by furnishing it with stolen goods – most recently a PC – and he is the go-to man for any cut-price printing jobs that may need doing for cash, once senior management has gone home, at the Harcourt-Walsh Printworks. Andrew read the message through twice. He had been over it time and again in his mind. There were many accusations he could have levelled at Simon, but the court did not exist in which Andrew could have laid the real charges against his father, in which he would have presented as evidence memories of physical terror and ritual humiliation. All he had were the many petty infractions of the law of which he had heard Simon boast, and he had selected these two specific examples – the stolen computer and the out-of-hours printing jobs done on the sly – because both were firmly connected to Simon’s workplace. People at the printer’s knew that Simon did these things, and they could have talked to anybody: their friends, their families. His guts were juddering, the way they did when Simon truly lost control and laid about anyone within reach. Seeing his betrayal in black and white on the screen was terrifying. ‘What the fuck are you doing?’ asked Fats’ quiet voice in his ear. The stinking, middle-aged man had gone; Fats had moved up; he was reading what Andrew had written. ‘Fucking hell,’ said Fats. Andrew’s mouth was dry. His hand lay quiescent on the mouse. ‘How’d you get in?’ Fats whispered. ‘SQL injection,’ said Andrew. ‘It’s all on the net. Their security’s shit.’ Fats looked exhilarated; wildly impressed. Andrew was half pleased, half scared, by the reaction. ‘You’ve gotta keep this to – ‘ ‘Lemme do one about Cubby!’ ‘No!’ Andrew’s hand on the mouse skidded away from Fats’ reaching fingers. This ugly act of filial disloyalty had sprung from the primordial soup of anger, frustration and fear that had slopped inside him all his rational life, but he knew no better way to convey this to Fats than by saying, ‘I’m not just having a laugh.’ He read the message through a third time, then added a title to the message. He could feel Fats’ excitement beside him, as if they were having another porn session. Andrew was seized by a desire to impress further. ‘Look,’ he said, and he changed Barry’s username to The_Ghost_ of_Barry_Fairbrother. Fats laughed loudly. Andrew’s fingers twitched on the mouse. He rolled it sideways. Whether he would have gone through with it if Fats had not been watching, he would never know. With a single click, a new thread appeared at the top of the Pagford Parish Council message board: Simon Price Unfit to Stand for Council. Outside on the pavement, they faced each other, breathless with laughter, slightly overawed by what had happened. Then Andrew borrowed Fats’ matches, set fire to the piece of paper on which he had drafted the message, and watched it disintegrate into fragile black flakes, which drifted onto the dirty pavement and vanished under passing feet. How to cite Part Two Chapter IX, Essay examples

Basic Computer Application Exam Paper free essay sample

A. The primary key of a table serves to uniquely identify individual rows of the table. B. The primary key of a table is allowed to be null. C. Non-key columns are not dependent on the primary key. D. A primary key may not consist of more than one column. E. It is a key that is used as a reference to relate one entity to another entity. 3. __________ is the software that manages and controls access to the database. A. Database B. Database Application C. Database System D. DBMS E. None of the above 4. DDL allows A. Users to define a database B. Users to delete data C. Users to insert data in a database D. Users to update data from a database E. None of the above 5. Dependency based on only part of a composite primary key is called A. B. C. D. E. Functional dependency. Partial dependency. Transitive dependency. Primary key dependency. Foreign key dependency. Page 1 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 6. In a relation schema, the degree of a relation defined as the number of A. Tuples. B. Attributes. C. Data types. D. Relationships. E. Tables. 7. Which of the following acts as the bridge between Human and Machine in a DBMS Environment? A. People B. Hardware C. Software D. Procedures E. None of the above 8. Internal view of the database architecture is the A. Users’ view of the database B. Community view of the database. C. Physical representation of the database on the computer D. Logical representation of the database on the computer E. All of the above 9. Which of the following is an advantage of the client-server architecture? A. Reduced network traffic B. Hardware cost may be reduced C. Increased consistency D. Increased performance E. All of the above 10. One of the benefits of normalisation is that it A. B. C. D. E. Increase the number of attributes Increases data redundancy Increases update anomalies Increases the stability of the relational data model Increases the application maintenance cost 11. Which of the following is TRUE for an Entity Relational Diagram (ERD)? A. B. C. D. E. Represents data view of a system Provides a high level, conceptual view of the database structure Specify the data to be stored Shows the relationship that exists between data items All of the above Page 2 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 12. Which of the following is NOT part of an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)? A. Entity B. Relationship C. Actor D. Attributes E. Cardinality 13. The different kinds of requirements include: A. B. C. D. E. Functional, non-functional, semi-functional and data requirements. Functional, non-functional, semi-functional and physical requirements. Functional, non-functional, semi-functional and social requirements. Functional, non-functional, semi-functional and organisational requirements. Data, physical, social and organisational requirements. 14. Which of the following is NOT an aim of the requirement analysis phase? A. B. C. D. E. Understand the users. Understand the task. Understand the context. Produce a stable set of requirements. Design questionnaires to elicit specific information 15. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. B. C. D. People’s immediate memory capacity is very limited Context is not important in affecting our memory Interacting with technology is not cognitive During design implications for attention, we should focus on cluttering the interface E. None of the above 16. Which of the following is NOT a method of externalizing to reduce memory load? A. Notes B. Diaries C. Reminders D. Calendars E. None of the above 17. Which of the following is NOT a valid method of doing annotation? A. Crossing off B. Ticking C. Underlining D. Learning E. None of the above Page 3 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 18. â€Å"A department hires many employees. An employee is employed by one department. â€Å" Which cardinality mapping best describes the relationship between Department and Employee? A. 1 to 1 B. 1 to N C. M to N D. N to M E. M to M 19. Which of the following statements is FALSE about data gathering techniques? A. Questionnaires are good for answering specific questions from a large, dispersed group of people. B. Interviews can be structured, unstructured or semi-structured. C. Naturalistic observation is good for exploring issues. D. Workshops are good at gaining a consensus view and/or highlighting areas of conflict. E. Documents are good for understanding legislation, and getting background information. 20. How many columns will be displayed after executing the query : SELECT id, name, surname FROM student; A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 0 21. A _____________ can be further subdivided to yield additional attributes. A. Simple attribute B. Composite attribute C. Derived attribute D. Multivalued attribute E. None of the above Page 4 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 22. One of the advantages of Supply Chain Management systems is that: A. It allows business to keep inventories at their lowest cost B. It allows businesses to choose the best customers C. It is better than Customer Relationship management systems D. It allows the customer to stay in close contact with its business partners E. All of the Above 23. Which of the following would correctly define computational offloading? A. When a tool is used in conjunction with an external representation to carry out a calculation (e. g. pen and paper) B. To-do lists written to remind us of what to do C. Explaining how we interact with external representations (e. g. aps, notes, diagrams) D. Internal constructions of some aspect of the external world enabling predictions to be made E. None of the above 24. An Enterprise Resource Planning system is a A. System for managing all the resources of the enterprise only B. System used mainly by the HR department C. System with a single database used to link the different business processes of an organisation D. System used only b y senior managers for strategic planning purposes E. System used to carry out day to day activities only 25. If a computer on the network shares resources using the HTTP protocol for thers to use, it is called a A. Browser B. Server C. Client D. Router E. Switch 26. Identify which of the following is INCORRECT about packet switching? A. Data are broken down into datagrams. B. Each datagram has the sender’s IP address and the destination’s IP address. C. All datagrams travel along the same path determined by routers. D. Datagrams are reassembled at destination. E. Loss datagram are retransmitted. Page 5 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 27. A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) can be a combination of 1 2 3 4 5 B. 2,3,4,5 C. 1,3,4,5 D. 1,2,4,5 E. 1,2,3,5 28. Which of the following statements is FALSE about the differences between the Internet and the World Wide Web? A. Internet is the interconnection of networks while the WWW is where information is stored B. Internet is physical while WWW is abstract (imaginary) C. Without WWW, Users will not be able to access the Internet D. Cables connect computers together for the Internet while the WWW is connected by hypertext links E. None of the above File Server Router Protocol Path A. 1,2,3,4 29. Which one of the following devices has a sole purpose to extend the physical length of a network? A. Switch B. Repeater C. Bridge D. Router E. Gateway 30. A network protocol is A. Software that facilitates connection to the internet. Page 6 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 B. A list of rules that describe how clients and servers communicate. C. Software that allows file copying. D. A gateway calling program for internet bridging . E. None of the above Question 2 [30 marks] (a) Match the following terms to their meaning 1. Data inconsistency A describes what data is stored in the database and the relationships among the data B Conflicting-versions of the same data C Enforces valid relationships between tables in a relational database. D A collection of application programs that perform services for the end-users such as the production of reports E It is a program that interacts with the database at some point in time [5 x 1 mark] [5 marks] 2. Conceptual level 3. Referential integrity. 4. Database Application 5. File Based System (b) (c) List down all the main steps required in designing a database. The following table shows details of vehicle owners in un-normalised form. An owner can have several vehicles. The town of the owner determines the district of the owner. Table : Vehicle_Owner CustSurname Smith Bernes CustForeName Tom Tim District PlaineWilhems Moka Town Curepipe Reduit RegNo X005 Y003 A001 B321 C008 D021 VehicleMake Honda Mitsubishi Nissan Lancer Honda Toyota Spears Britney Black-River Case Noyal Page 7 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 (i) Illustrate examples of the following anomalies : 1. Insertion anomalies 2. Update anomalies 3. Delete anomalies [3 marks] (ii) Normalise the data shown in the above table and show the development of your design through 1NF, 2NF and 3NF. Give appropriate names to the relations obtained and underline the primary keys of each relation. Use only the attributes provided in the table. 7 marks] (d) Consider the following scenario : â€Å"The Tertiary Education Authority (TEA) requires a system to hold details of the applicants who apply for programmes run by local institutions. Each programme is run at only one institution, though more than one programme is run at each institution. An applicant may apply for several programmes. Each institution consists of several classes and applicants are allocated to classes after they have been offered a seat. The system will store details such as identity number, surname, forename, address, telephone, date of birth and qualifications of applicants. As for the programme, its code, name and description will be stored. Every class has a name, description, location and type. † Draw the ERD for the above scenario using Chen’s notation. [10 marks] Question 3 [20 marks] (a) Consider the following tables with sample data : Table : Passenger PassID P001 P002 P005 PassName Tom Clavier Smith Polo Tintin Row Address Pamplemousses Souillac RoseMary PhoneNum 78963214 47852369 78965412 Table : Aircraft AirNum AirName Capacity Page 8 of 11 Details BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 MK065 FR785 EM012 Air Mauritius Air France Emirates 150 100 300 TwoWay TwoWay OneWay Table : Flight FlightID F7822 G4522 P9856 PassID P002 P336 P001 AirNum FR633 EM012 MK065 Write the SQL statement which will : (i) (ii) Return the name and address of all passengers. [1 mark] Return all the name of the passengers who has taken the flight which has an ID of MK065. [3 marks] Return all the passenger ID along with the aircraft name whose capacity is 100 on which they have travelled. [4 marks] Return all the aircraft number whose name starts with ‘pa’ and ends with ‘ma’. [2 marks] (iii) (iv) (b) A book is written by an author, published by a publisher and sold by a book store. A reader can read a book. However, for a reader to read a book, he/she must buy the book. The reader can buy the book online or from a bookstore. Draw a use case diagram for this scenario. [6 marks] (c) Conceptual model enables users to readily learn a system and use it effectively. Describe how â€Å"Mental Modelling† is an approach that can help users in understanding a system. [4 marks] Question 4 [20 marks] Page 9 of 11 BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 (a) (i) Differentiate between the two types of information systems which are used at the management level. [6 marks] (ii) Expert system is used at the Knowledge level. Briefly explain the term â€Å"Expert systemâ€Å"? [2 marks] (b) (i) Using appropriate example, describe the format of a URL. [2 marks] (ii) Using the diagram below, describe the processes represented by numbers (1-6) performed by the Domain Name Server. [5 marks] (c) (i) A hub is one of the networking devices that is used in a star topology. Explain the function of a hub. [2 marks] (ii) Consider the network topology below : State ONE advantage and TWO disadvantages of using this topology. Page 10 of 11 [3 marks] BASIC COMPUTER APPLICATION – CSE 1021 END OF QUESTION PAPER Multiple Choice (Circle the correct Answer)

The Kings Speech Essay Example

The Kings Speech Paper The Kings Speech, directed by Tom Hooper, Is a British block produced In 2010. The film Illustrates the story of Bertie, later crowned King George VI, and his stammer affliction. It follows Berths wifes pursuit to help her husband, employing Lionel Loge, an Australian speech pathologist, to assist, and potentially cure Bertie of his speech condition. The Kings Speech unravels the tale of how two entirely adverse characters end up the greatest of friends. Leading cinematographer, Danny Cohen, has used a variety of camera shots, angles, movement and lighting to greatly enhance he transformation of the characters and the growth of their friendship. Cohen opens the heros Introductory scene with a wide shot and grim lighting to develop an uncomfortable sensation for the viewers, allowing them to realism the absence of trust and contentment Bertie has felt throughout his life. The cinematographer has positioned the characters using an off-centre technique to establish the Minimal distance and discomfort felt between Lionel and Bertie. Positioning the pair on either sides of the frame allows Bertie to be depicted as powerless and isolated. Cohen has ensured that Lionel is similarly presented slightly if-centre during the straight cut conversation piece, but the camera is positioned at a lower angle granting a sense of superiority to Lionel. This shot and angle diversification allows the audience to experience the inequality felt between the heroes. The use of the off-centre technique in the lead room approach further enhances Berths emotional constraint and adds to the distance between the characters during conversation. We will write a custom essay sample on The Kings Speech specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Kings Speech specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Kings Speech specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer To enhance the sense of discomfort and disconnection, Cohen has utilized an adverse lighting technique in the background of each of the characters frames. Bertie Is predictably presented against a bleak wall, with neither artificial nor natural light In his favor, communicating his negatively and distress. However, the cinematographer presents Lionel against a cluttered, and yet out of focus backdrop, with two artificial lights behind, and an evening skylight above, contributing to his disorderly and yet ingenious form of introduction. Additionally, this lighting variation further exposes a sense of unease amidst the pair. As the scene progresses, Lionel requests Bertie to read a segment of script with headphones on, to replace the echo of his voice. Cohen has filmed this fragment using a medium two shot, presenting both the characters within the frame. The audience is then exposed to a soft zoom upon the characters, hinting at the forming connection and possible foundation of their forthcoming solidarity and the blurring of social boundaries. Hooper ensures that the transformation of the characters and development of their friendship Is clear by directing Cones diverse use of cinematography. When the introductory scene, the characters are shot from the front and side, presenting a sense of maturity in their relationship. This movement of focus upon the characters softens the use of lead room, allowing the audience to identify a growing intimacy between the two. As he does earlier in the film, Cohen positions Lionel and Bertie on either sides of the frame, however only a meter apart further allowing the audience to experience a growth in trust and comfort felt by the heroes. The backdrop of the characters has barely been altered, with Lionel presented against a window, predictably portraying a midday light, outlining the sense of freedom and connection he has with the outside world, while Bertie is presented against a plain and unlit cockade. The flourishing sense of familiarity and confidence between the characters is clear in Cones use of close up shots throughout the conversation. The characters are similarly portrayed, with the camera positioned front on allowing the audience to see them as equals and furthermore at ease with each other. As the scene unravels, Lionesss wife returns home early to find Queen Elizabeth I seated at her dining table, Myrtle totally unaware of her husbands connection with the Royals. Hooper uses this point of action to reverse the roles of Lionel and Bertie. Lionel acts with complete awarding, unwilling to face his wife after shes discovered his bizarre secret. Cohen has presented Lionel pushed against the edge of the frame, with Bertie seated confidently in the centre, portraying the characters in a slightly humorous manner, certainly expressing the new sense of companionship and collusion. The climax scene opens with a point of view shot from Berths perspective. It presents the daunting hall ahead that ends at the Palace room where he is to present his first wartime speech, announcing that England has officially Joined the war. Cohen then uses a blend of a frontal and following tracking shots as Bertie alls. This is filmed from a slightly lower angle with a continual minor sway, presenting the Kings true nerves for his forthcoming responsibility. The camera is then steadied after Lionel is included in the frame, allowing the audience to feel the ease Bertie feels with his speech pathologists, and now friends, presence. This further allows the audience to experience the growing trust and companionship between the heroes. Cohen has filmed the pair directly through the out-of-focus microphone. Lionel is leveled with the camera and in contrast, Bertie is filmed from above, again depicting his tension and distress. Unlike the introductory and apology scene, both Lionel and Bertie are presented in the path of a single windows light, expressing the now pure equality and thriving friendship between the pair. Cohen abandons the microphone by further blurring and then removing it from within the frame, thereby allowing the audience to feel Just as Bertie does, that the speech is presented only to Lionel, not the British Empire. Additionally, Bertie is now equally leveled with the camera, demonstrating that once his focus shifted from the rest of England to solely Lionel, his confidence could soar. Cohen then uses an arc shot, a arching of the characters, that reveals a true flow of ease, faith and harmony that Lionel and Bertie hold together. Danny Cohen, under the direction of Tom Hooper, has combined a diverse array of opposite social classes, grow together and form an unbreakable friendship. The Kings Speech has clearly demonstrated how the nature of friendship can spark between anybody as long as trust, contentment and intimacy are equally nurtured. Specifically, Cohen has used a variety of camera shots, angles, movement and lighting to develop the solidarity between Bertie and Lionel to allow this magnificently exclusive and everlasting bond to form. The Kings Speech Essay Example The Kings Speech Essay While The Kings Speech draws upon a number of historical facts and events, this is not its primary concern. The film is about the effect of a person’s family on how the person develops. For example, in The Kings Speech, King George VI’s brother abdicating and his father’s cruelty played a part in his stammer and lack of confidence. The film is also about the importance of a secure support system, for example Queen Elizabeth and Lionel Logue were Berties support system and they helped him overcome his stammer and lack of confidence.A third important issue in the film is about the different approach to class distinction by British and Australian people, as shown by the expectations of Bertie and Queen Elizabeth that Lionel Logue will do whatever they wanted and Lionel Logues insistence on working on his own terms. Finally, the film is about how a person can dig deep into their own character to become a better person and in Berties case, a better King. He overcame h is speech impediment, anger and confidence issues to prove to himself, his family and his country that he was suitable to be King.The effect of one’s family on how the person develops is significant. His father’s cruel upbringing and the mockery received from his siblings were a contributing factor to his lack of confidence as a young man. For example, Lionel asked Bertie: â€Å"Did David ever tease you? † â€Å"Oh yes of course! Ber-ber-be-bertie. Father encouraged it. He said ‘GET IT OUT BOY’. Said it would make me stop. I was afraid of my father, and my children are damn well going to be afraid of me! ’† (The Kings Speech, 2010).Also, being forced to use his right hand when he was naturally left-handed and having to wear metal splints for knocked knees also contributed to his shyness, which caused him to develop a stammer. When growing up, it is important to have a strong support system and without one, the effect on a persons confi dence can be devastating. In Berties case, it caused his stammer. Bertie’s brother abdicating put even more pressure on him and made the stammer worse: Bertie talking to Edward about abdicating, says â€Å"That is terrible thing to hear. Nobody wants to hear that, me least of all† (Hooper, 2010).Also, â€Å"I am not a King, I am a naval officer. I’m not a king, I’m not a king† (The Kings Speech, 2010). The psychological effect his brother abdicating had on him, was enough to send him back to Logue for more therapy. Bertie was fortunate to find that his wife, Elizabeth, gave him the love and support he did not receive from his own family. She was his backbone. At the start of the film, when George had given up and he said â€Å"promise me, no more† (The Kings Speech, 2010), she believed in him and knew she had to keep trying to find the right person to help him.It was only through her efforts, that they found Logue. Throughout the film, whene ver George was giving a speech, she would be there in support of him. â€Å"I’m sure you’ll do great† (The Kings Speech, 2010) were her words of encouragement before Berties final speech on the war against Germany in the film. The love and encouragement of a persons partner can help the person achieve great things. The fact that Logue was Australian was also an important element to helping Bertie overcome his difficulties.The approach to class distinction of Australians is different to the approach of British people. British people believe strongly in social hierarchy. Being Queen, Elzabeths high expectations revolve around respectfulness and full cooperation of the subject. The laid back personality of an Australian is to treat everyone with equality and treat everybody as themselves. These two personalities clash when Elizabeth comes to Logue for help. She expects Logue to do what she wants and is a bit taken aback by how informal he is: Logue to Elizabeth We need to have your hubby pop byHe can give me his personal details, Ill make a frank appraisal and then well take it from there. I dont have a hubby, we dont pop and nor do we ever talk about our private lives. No you must come to us (The Kings Speech, 2010). Logue refuses her demand so she uses and what if my husband were the Duke of York? (The Kings Speech, 2010) but Logue stands by his rules and Logue insists her husband to him: for my method to work, I need trust and total equality. Here in the safety of my consultation room.No exceptions (The Kings Speech, 2010). At first, this difference of class made it difficult to form a normal relationship between the pair. For example, Bertie to the Archbishop: â€Å"Lionel will be seated in the kings box† â€Å"But members of your family will be seated there sir! † (The Kings Speech, 2010). The astonishment of the Archbishop when Bertie requested for Logue to be seated in the Kings box shows that the relationship was very unusual. Class distinction affected Logues treatment of Bertie.On one side, Logue should be respectful and abide by the Kings request to keep this a strictly business relationship, but on the other hand if Logue was to help and teach Bertie to overcome his speech, anger and confidence issues, they had to be equals. Requests such as being told not to sit too close or when one is speaking with the Prince, one waits for the Prince to choose the topic was not an option if Logue was going to fix George. â€Å"In here it’s better if we’re equals† (The Kings Speech, 2010). Bertie disagrees with Lionel and states: â€Å"If we were equals, I’d be home with my wife, and no one would give a damn† (The Kings Speech, 2010).It would have been much more difficult for a British speech therapist to help Bertie the way Logue did because a British person would not have been able to overcome the class differences the way Logue could. Finally, the film shows that overc oming adversity helped George to be a better person and a better King. This is because the difficulties of overcoming something that had kept him hostage from a very young age and the confidence he found in doing this, gave him something in common with the British subjects, who were struggling when World War Two started.His anger went away and he became stronger and more confident. The main motivation for George to overcome his stammer was to prove to himself, his family and his nation that he was fit to be King. The Kings Speech uses the historical story of King George VI to illustrate important issues that affect all people: the need for a supportive family, the love and support of a good partner, the ability of people to fix problems when they put aside class distinctions and what can be achieved when a person digs deep into his or her own character to overcome adversity. It is a very inspiring film.

Brushing and cavities Essay Example

Brushing and cavities Essay Example Brushing and cavities Paper Brushing and cavities Paper Essay Topic: Like Water for Chocolate 1. Long-term aim – This lesson aims to discuss to the grade 1 students what may happen when they disregarded taking care of their teeth (the effects of tooth decay on overall health). 2. Short-term aim – As a short term goal, this lesson aims to teach the students the proper way to brush their teeth and the reasons why children like them suffer from tooth decay or cavities. Content of the Lesson 1. This lesson will provide information to the students the causes of tooth decay or cavities and will also include some facts on how an improper dental care will affect a person’s health. (see page 5) 2. To help the 1st graders to prevent tooth decay, this lesson will show them the proper way of brushing teeth and also a discussion on other ways or methods to prevent teeth from cavities. (see pages 5 and 6) Concrete Materials and Teaching Aids For this lesson, I will be using a toothbrush, a typodont, and some pictures and illustrations to show how cavities look. Introduction Nowadays, tooth decay or cavities and other dental diseases are present in many areas here in the United States. You can be one of those who carry this disease. Due to lack of education about the causes of cavities and because most of us are not interested on preventing tooth decay, problems on our dental health become widespread and rampant. Also, many of us brush our teeth in an improper way. Fortunately, I am here to discuss to you the reasons why our teeth suffer from cavities and other dental diseases. As an addition, I will show to you the correct way of brushing your teeth. I will also give you some advice on choosing the right toothbrush for you so that your teeth will become healthy and strong. Statement of the Problem How can we prevent our teeth from cavities so that our teeth will all be strong healthy? Presentation of Information 1. To deliver this lesson effectively, I will be teaching them by questioning some of their teeth how they take care of their teeth, explaining them the causes of tooth decay and how to prevent it, and demonstrating the right way to brush our teeth. 2. First, I will be giving my introduction and at the same time I will be showing a series of illustrations showing some cases of tooth decays or cavities and then I will state the problem. Afterwards, ask at least three of them on what they know about cavities. Then, I will be discussing the causes of tooth decay and cavities and how this problem affects a person’s (especially a child’s) health. After discussing this, I will again ask some of them on how (or if) they take care of their teeth. I will also ask them to demonstrate how they brush their teeth. Then afterwards, I will be showing them the correct method of brushing teeth. After this, I will be telling them other ways to prevent cavities like using dental floss and sugarless gums. Then, I will sum up the whole lesson. Afterwards, a sort of quiz will be held and the winners will have prices like toothbrush, sugarless gums, dental floss, and stickers. 3. Questions to be asked to the students: a. What do you children know about cavities? b. How do you brush your teeth and how many times? c. Can you please show me how you brush your teeth? 4. As I am delivering my speech, I am expecting the students to be alertly listening to me. It is also essential to them to ask some questions if they want to clarify something. Also, while I am demonstrating the correct way of brushing teeth, I will be expecting them to try it to themselves (imaginarily). 5. I will provide a blackboard summary so that the material presented will be rehearsed quickly by the learners prior to follow-up activities. Tooth decay or cavities can happen to all of us. To prevent this, just brush your teeth at least two times a day properly. Also, get some time to visit your dentist regularly so that he may assist you on your dental health. Application/ Seat Work/ Follow-up 1. Materials – toothbrush and typodont. As prizes – toothbrush, sugarless gums, dental floss, and stickers. 2. I will be asking some volunteers by and will ask them to repeat what I have demonstrated. If they do it right, I will give them a prize. Cavities Because of tooth decay, cavities occur. It is the destruction of the teeth’s structure. We suffer from tooth decay because we eat foods that contain sugars and carbohydrates. Such foods are bread, cereals, milk, soda, fruits, cakes, and candies that are left between your teeth. Bacteria lives on these tiny food bits between your teeth and together with saliva, they form plaque. The acids coming from the plaque destroys the enamel or the outer layer of the teeth. In effect, holes occur in our teeth and that is what we call cavities. Preventing Cavities 1. Avoid drinking fluids that are high on sugar like sodas and other high-fructose drinks. 2. Instead of eating soft and sugary foods such as chocolates and marshmallows, eat fresh fruits and vegetables. 3. Brush your teeth or rinse your mouth every after meal. 4. Chew sugarless gums instead of sweet candies. 5. Regularly visit your dentist to seek advice regarding your dental health. Proper Way of Brushing Teeth 1. Choose the right toothbrush and toothpaste. Soft-bristled tooth brush is recommended and your toothpaste should have fluoride. 2. Start brushing with, the farthest back teeth in your mouth, your upper molars. 3. Brush teeth in a back and forth motion and a rolling motion near the gum line. 4. Work your toothbrush around all sides of the teeth including the biting surface and the inside and outside areas. 5. Brush all of the back teeth first, making sure to pay attention to all surfaces. 6. Move onto the front teeth and brush in a back and forth motion. Smile broadly to move your lips out of the way. Brush the insides of the teeth as much as the outsides. 7. Take your time. It should take at least 2 minutes to brush your teeth properly. 8. Brush your tongue to remove bacteria and food debris that can also contribute to cavities. 9. Spit out the remaining toothpaste. 10. Avoid rinsing your mouth with water after brushing your teeth to prevent fluoride from being washed off teeth before it has had a chance to work. If you must rinse, use a mouthwash with fluoride instead of water. (source: ehow. com/how_2209206_brush-prevent-cavities. html)

Impact of Climate Change on Forestry in British Columbia Term Paper

Impact of Climate Change on Forestry in British Columbia - Term Paper Example There is, therefore, need to find out the potential impacts of climate change on the forests in these areas and if possible make recommendations on how to control the effects. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change argues that the changes in the climate of the earth will continue to occur mostly caused by activities of human beings that release greenhouse gases to the atmosphere (British Columbia and Barber, 2006). These greenhouse gases (GHGs) are mainly produced because of the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and oil, the cutting of forests and vegetative cover and intense agricultural activities. The release of greenhouse gases that are in the atmosphere usually depends on the level of economic growth, the technological development and how a region relates to other areas whereby in this research work, our point of reference is British Columbia in Canada. The climate of the world has been changing consistently over a period of time and this is evident with the rise in global temperature by a figure averaging between 2Ëš to 4Ëš C (British Columbia and Barber, 2006). The rise in temperature due to effects of climate change will also be accompanied by changes in the intensity of rainfall in most regions while the rate of warming will be faster and dynamic that may bring adverse effects to animal and plant life at certain regions especially the forests of British Columbia (Laroque and Smith, 2003). It is important to note that changes in climate usually has effects on the biological and ecological processes as well as well as affecting phenology of species, uptake of water and causing disturbances on trees such as insect pests, diseases, and drought amongst others (Dale, Joyce, McNulty & Neilson, 2000).  

Analyses of customer satisfaction in Ryan Air (dual case study of Research Proposal

Analyses of customer satisfaction in Ryan Air (dual case study of EasyJet and Ryan Air) - Research Proposal Example The fact that RyanAir’s annual profitability has failed to reach its target is a clear sign that the said airline company is experiencing a serious problem with regards to its customer service (Prattley, 2013). There is a lot of business advantages associated with delivering a good customer service. In general, a good customer service can lead to a higher profitability, increased in customer satisfaction and loyalty (Baker, 2013). After examining the impact of customer satisfaction on a company’s financial performance, Sun and Kim (2013) found out that it is possible for the levels of customer satisfaction to be reflected in the company’s profitability (i.e. profit margin, return on assets, and return on equity). In relation to the customer service of RyanAir, Smith (2013) reported that this particular airline company scored only 2 out of 5 for its staff’s attitude, knowledge, and ability to deal with customer-related problems. Today, RyanAir is not the only airline company that offers low-cost airfares. For this reason, there is a strongly possibility wherein the loyal customers of RyanAir To learn more on how RyanAir can further improve its customer service, a dual case study will be conducted for this purpose. In line with this, factors that can significantly affect the customer satisfaction of both RyanAir’s and EasyJet’s customers will be identified and analyzed respectively through the use of quantitative and qualitative research survey questionnaire. Continuous improvement in customer service is necessary in order to retain the loyal customers of RyanAir. For this reason, the proposed research study aims to determine the best way to increase the customer satisfaction of RyanAir. In relation to the main purpose of this study, the following research objectives will serve as a guide throughout the completion of the proposed research

Tourism in Costa Rica Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Tourism in Costa Rica - Research Paper Example In addition to this, Costa Rica has one of the most extensive and well-developed national park systems in all of Latin America. An aerial tram which takes visitors by cable car over the top of the rain forest is one of the most visited tourist attractions in Costa Rica (Liu et al., 2008, p. 259). Prior to the 1980s when Costa Rica’s popularity increased, the country’s hotel industry was small. As demand grew, many Costa Ricans entered the hotel business. The majority of new hotels were owned and operated by inexperienced individuals who learned the business by trial and error. A small number of hotels were run by international chains operating in Costa Rica using both staff and management from their global operations. Soon after, a number of local hotel operators began working with a number of foreign hotel operators as joint-venture partners. Marriott Hotels was one of these companies. This system worked so well in Costa Rica that a number of other countries in the region, including Guatemala, El Salvador and Panama, began to use the same formula. These joint-venture partnerships were characterized by a majority of local shareholders, a minority stake by the international chain and a strong training and development component (Liu et al., 2008, p. 260). Increased environmental awareness and the growing interest in ecotourism can cause conflicting priorities for exotic locations such as Costa Rica. While the country must promote itself as a tourist attraction, it must also protect the country’s natural resources. The demands of sustainability and economic growth can be in conflict (Liu et al., 2008, p. 259). In order to remain a tourist attraction and extend the life cycle of its attractiveness, a country must know a great deal about its international visitors as they are the ones who are primarily responsible for the destination’s tourists (Liu et al., 2008, p. 260).

Safety in Outdoor Adventure Activities

Safety in Outdoor Adventure Activities How oft, in spirit, have I turned to thee, O sylvan Wye! thou wanderer thro the woods, How often has my spirit turned to thee! William Wordsworth Introduction Within the vacillations of the framework for environmental adventure education, it is of extreme importance that the instructor/evaluator be able to integrate the predetermination of participants into their scheme or objectives. In this way, the student guides the instructor into lines of necessity as well as the instructor laying ground rules for the future participation in outings or events. Additionally, the achievement protocol must become based entirely on the mental success of students as well as the substantiation of their prideful focus on these activities. The only growth potential for a student participating in adventure activities comes from the assimilation of new techniques and the mitigation of challenging evidence to the contrary of their own prideful and successful belief structure. Environment Prior to the approach of adventure travelers into this unique world of kayaking, it was important to access the environmental affecters which might change or determine the course of participation. Particular evaluations made prior to the event inception include the legislative comprehension, evaluation of the weather and potential natural events, and the ability to access the area of travel. Legislation: Obviously, it is of significant import to determine if the government regulates any particulars of a given activity. In this situation, it was determined through research of the location, contact with the governing authority, as well as research via the internet, that there was no mitigating legislation which might inhibit our participation. Weather: Secondly, it was of high import that on the morning of our event that I evaluate the current weather forecast in order to determine the propensity for travel during our given timeframe. Fortunately, on this day, there was only a ten percent change of rain and no other signs of negative influence on our journey. It was, however, an interesting indicator of the success for future adventure travel that the frequent variations in weather could potentially inhibit the safe travel and passage of my guests. Accessibility: Finally, the ability to access the chosen area was necessitated by the current stratification of river bodies which occupy the housing of exclusive clubs and organizations. In this particular scenario, integration with the Wey Kayak Club offered ease of access into the determined junction and we were able to put in our kayaks without problem or negative event. Safety As the group set out for the kayaking expedition, it was the integral safety of this particular activity which was at the forefront of our situation. The Kayaks loaded onto our transport, my mind returned to the analysis which I had conducted prior to embarkation and the results propelled us forward. Significantly, the most important factors which would affect this expedition were the abilities of the adventurers, the quality of the equipment, and the pattern of the river. The Adventurers: In this particular exercise, due to the beginner requirements of the River Wye, there is minimal training which must occur prior to integration into the waters. However, several basic skills must be mastered for the particular possibility of catastrophic events. These include the ability to rollover one’s Kayak in still water and the ability to paddle, determined by the comfort level of the user to rotate from control to free hand and integrate this motion into actual events. Equipment: Obviously, the choice of equipment for beginner kayakers was essential to the experience of the adventurer as well as the integration of their skills into the required exercises. This choice was made based upon the structural stability of the craft, the ease of maneuverability, and finally, the portability based on weight. For this project, we chose the recreational kayak, as regardless of distance upon the river, the necessity of a touring, whitewater, or downriver kayak was not insinuated. It was through the simplified maneuverability and average weight of the recreational model was perfect for beginners. River Topography: Essential to the affectation of a safe and enthralling kayaking expedition are the dynamics of the river traveled. Through careful analysis of entry and exit point, including the portability of the equipment, the expected encounter of rapids, and the re-transportation of the kayaks to the vehicles, essential standards were established for the decided location for participation. The unique makeup of the Wye river as topographically without rapid intervention, as well as the sustained current and comfortable beginner training area made for a well participated journey. Near the A3 just off of the Riverside Guildford offered a unique put in area, and nearly five miles downriver, there sat our retrieval vehicle for our expedient return. Participants Obviously, the essential integration of diverse participants into the leisure industry is entirely reliant on the ability to create and perpetuate the inclusion of exciting and varied events. Additionally, it is through the one on one coaching that the student may become inspired to the revision of pre-determined tactics. In terms of the kayaking exercise, it was essential for me to establish my own flow and abilities prior to begin to coach the ladies with their approach. Therefore, through acceptance of their instructor’s usefulness, students will continue to find their challenges lurk in personnel as well as their susceptibility to the norm when it should be through the modification of corporate structure that corporations actively seek out success. Skill/Behavior: This critical area of adventure evaluation determined the extreme tasks undertake by our group of participants. It was essential for our success in this event that my perception prior to water immersion was integrated with the information provided by the group. Of those participating, there were two kayakers in particular who were at a significant disadvantage to the others, having neither paddled in placid nor rapid water. It was my primary objective to identify their weaknesses and instruct their advance in the tactics for water safety and effective technique. As I, myself, was challenged by the opportunity to move from test cycle to natural environment, it would become prudent that my water skills be tested and personally approved prior to leading the expedition downstream. My noticeable flaw was my inability to maintain a consistent paddling rhythm, resulting in a circular motion unbefitting of an instructor. Through readjustment of my grip, from tension upon the control hand and an integrated relaxed method of my free rotating hand, I was able improve greatly within the first few minutes of water immersion. Ultimately, when kayaking, your control hand must hold the shaft with the knuckles lined up with the upper edge of the blade. The opposite hand now has the ability to relax and rotate. Importantly, one hand must release slightly from the paddle during strokes or the grips will be in direct opposition to each other’s movement. As my students watched my struggle, and eventually my success, their confidence was additionally improved and paddling techniques became more fluid and effective. It was essential to the group safety that this establishment of technique be a priority, regardless of the anxiousness of the more proficient participants. I also noticed a particular flaw in several group members as their challenge of interactivity within the integrated setting set them off on tangents which drove their progress too far downstream. This safety risk and particular avarice to my instruction demonstrated a need for adaptable discipline, and as I coached them on their group progression, I showed group reintegration and the affectation of a common goal of the waterway traverse. Confidence Development: Of particular importance to the adventure sports leadership is the response by participants to the activities and circumstances of their journey. The unique ability to watch as my group utilized peer support in order to affect skill development, coupled with the integration of a common objective was highly inspiring. I realized that as I utilized my maneuvers to coach and develop participants, they in turn were able to break away in order to perpetuate the growth of others. It was through this interaction that the group developed significant self-confidence, as their skills and application of environmental integration offered a high standard of pride and personal affectation. As students were able to finally overcome the challenge of task integration into a mentally perceived practice environment, their speed, dexterity, and skill all became more proficient and inspired. In fact, their skills were excitedly exploited during one course of a set of small rapids as student participated in a group attempt to enact an individual rollover at the base. The perception was that through the group collaboration, in spite of the danger or challenge, that each student would be able to descend the current, come to a halt with a  ½ rotation spin, and cause themselves to flip over at the base of the rapids. They would then utilize their skills and technique previously acquired to upright themselves, and if there was in fact difficulty, I sat by, ready to rescue any stranded paddler. Finally, the exit point offered a unique affectation of success to all participants, as they landed and exited from the soft current, renewed and rejuvenated in their decisive attempt to improve their mastery of a world sport. The integration of cultural pride into their own personal appropriation of skill and success substantially imbibes their demeanor with a noticeable happiness and achievement. This ability to watch all participants exit the water with jocular praise and ebullience was not only enjoyable but invigorating for me, as I knew that my attention to safety and the detail elements of this adventure were securely rooted in my learned skills and teaching abilities. Takeaways The significance of the appreciated takeaways during this adventure outing will be integrated into my future teaching and leisure travel techniques. It will become essential that I remember particulars of this event in order to further my own comprehension of the inspirational power of personal achievement. Additionally, I will continue to focus on the training techniques which I utilized during this outing and will modify to affect growth in future interactions. It is essential to the success of future endeavors that the location of integration for any type of adventure group be established, evaluated for potential challenges, and cleared by the government legislation of that particular area. Additionally, while not addressed during my study, the group appreciation for this area will be determined by their ability to interact successfully with their environment, therefore, I will consider the challenge of engagement as a personal goal in all future endeavors. The integration of participants into the particulars of the environment becomes a unique opportunity to actualize individual affectation within the activities. Similarly, it will become a personal objective to hone the skills unique to the event or venue optioned for integration into leisure travel management. This means that regardless of the outdoor activity, my own integration into the abilities required will continue to positively affect the morale and abilities of my students. People who decide to involve themselves in group outdoor activities are most likely not experts in that particular field, and therefore, they look for support from their leader to determine the path to success. Conclusion The utilization of outdoor entertainment for physical and mental challenge has become a highly integral industry in the field of hospitality and leisure. It is therefore of specific import that the technician of such events be able to strategically evaluate the potential for success through the location, abilities of the participants, and the environmental affecters. It is key to the confrontation of individual challenges that the instructor find the ability to effectively communicate objectives and strategies to his participants, in addition to encouraging individual growth and participation. Only through the full integration of the mindset and acceptance of activity, will the students find their experience not only rewarding but a stepping block for future challenges. And through the dissolution of mental blocks to the challenge framework, it is possible for the instructor to inspire great internal growth and a spectacular inclusion of a set of new and varied skills and abilities.

How To Break Up With Someone Essay -- Proccess Descriptive Relationshi

How To Break Up With Someone Almost everyone will have to break up with a boyfriend or a girlfriend at some point in his or her life. Breaking up is honestly a hard thing to do no matter what the situation. At some point in time, you found something special in this person that you are now going to have to get out of your life. Now these good times and special features must be bypassed so you can do what's best for you. An easy way to remember the tools you need is to remember the Wizard of Oz, because all you need is courage, a heart and a brain. The first step to ending a relationship is realizing it is going nowhere. Realization is the most important step. After making this conclusion, your brain knows what to do, even if your heart may feel different. In addition, a person tends to fall out of love easier when they think of their future (or lack there of) with a specific man or woman. When you recognize the relationship is not going to lead to a loving marriage, the logical side of you thinks of the next step, starting over without him/her in your life. This way of thinking also helps to console a broken heart after a break up.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The second step is deciding how to tell your significant other. You can tell the person in many ways, but be cautious and consider their temperament and personality. This subject can be very painful and needs to be personalized. Let them know gently that at one point in time you cared for them tremendously and that they will alw...

Advertising Alcohol Essay

Alcohol has appeared in UK as well as around the world for many years. It plays a significant rule in the life of human. As British Medical Association in 2009, people in UK is the most of alcohol users in Europe. However, like other addictive substances, abuse of alcohol will bring a lot of bad consequences for people. Timms (2013) claimed that alcohol is the cause of psychosis, dementia, and physical problem. There are some people who claimed that government is not authorized to control the advertising of alcohol stricter than other products, but some were in the other idea that government should do it because of the bad impact from alcohol advertising to those who watch it, especially young people. This essay is aim to clarify the opinion that alcohol will result negative effect for human heath as well as social life and its advertising need to be restricted by government. Firstly, except useful of alcohol to people life, alcohol is cause of many negative problems. It is a fact that alcohol was used in to many industries such as food, heath service, and research also. Alcohol may good for heath with a limit amount. With reference from NIH (2003), in a great number of male surveyed, those who drank more than three times a week will have fewer heath risk than others who just drank less than once a week. However, according to Kenny (2012), people should not drink alcohol too much everyday. For instance, the limit of alcohol, which accepted by government, is 150–200ml for men and 100-150ml for women. Base on each habitus, drinking more than that unit may lead to sign of headache, dizzy, sickness, loss of control, etc. To reference from Hall’s research last year, 25% of deaths increase in the last ten years was caused by alcohol. It showed that most of people cannot control their drinking, and this number is increasing day by day. Thus, it is important to limit alcohol use. Secondly, alcoholics are threatening to the social life. It may be noted that drinking alcohol is dangerous not only for people but also their family. A lot of social evil and family violence are come from drunken people. When drinking too much wine or beer, the phenomenon of losing control will appear. Then, the drinker may have negative activities to people around. For example, according to Aquarius, 30% of sexual harassments were affected by alcohol. Furthermore, unfortunately, almost alcoholic was the cause of increasing unemployment (Macpherson, 1988). Then it tends to the thievery when alcoholics do not have money to buy alcohol. From those reasons, it is clear to see that alcohol is truly a hazard to people. Turning to the other side, advertising of alcohol will also bring the bad effect to people. Alcohol advertisement, like other product’s advertisement, is aim to approach people and persuade them to buy as much as possible. Actually, most of alcohol advertising content was received great evaluation from people under 23 years old (Jernigan, 2010). On the other hand, although people know the negative of using alcohol, promotion by any way will make them tend to use it naturally. Wilby (2008) claimed that people are strong affected by advertising of alcohol because they are easily to receive information provided by this advertisement. Advertising of alcohol makes people, especially the youth, image that it is the daily product. Moreover, Jernigan (2010) believed that almost alcohol companies tried to insert the combination of unmeasured features relative to cultural, religious and regulatory context on their advertising. Thus, they try using it everyday like the case that they saw on advertising. In British Medical Association (2009), researchers said â€Å"alcohol advertising and promotion increases the likelihood that adolescents will start to use alcohol and to drink more if they are already using alcohol†. Therefore, if alcohol companies are all free to do advertising by their own way, it will be dangerous for customer insight. Finally, alcohol advertising needs to be limited to protect customer from the wrong perception about wine or beer. In fact, alcohol companies have right to do advertise like other product in market. The more alcohol that they sold, the more money of tax government can earn. Follow HMRC (2013), alcohol products brought a huge number of revenue to UK, which is ? 3,323m from April to July 2013. This number illustrated for the great tax revenue that government earned from alcohol companies. However, the damage to people heath and life are bigger than that. Government had to pay more for the accident and medical insurance that come from effect of drinking too much alcohol. Therefore, limitation to the advertising content of alcohol is really necessary. In practice, government represents for the right of people, so they need to intervene to alcohol advertising for protecting customer. Although government cannot absolutely ban all the advertising of alcohol, they need to control it. For example, Hall (2012) believed that alcohol marketing â€Å"require that ads not link alcohol with sex, social success, youth culture or juvenile behavior†. In conclusion, the essay focused on difference points of whether alcohol advertising should be restricted or not, and the role of government in this situation. Obviously, whether drinking alcohol is good or not depends largely on the awareness of people who use it. Nevertheless, advertising this product widely on media will cause many bad impacts. For that reason, the strict guidelines and regulation for alcohol advertising is really needed. The government should strictly control this kind of product as well as develop propagandize for people about using alcohol in the right way. Apart from that, government also can impose more heavy taxes upon alcohol goods. This can force customer to use less alcohol and increase national income at the same time. References AQUARIUS (n. d. ) Alcohol and Violence [WWW] Aquarius. Available from: http://www. aquarius. org. uk/alcoholandviolence [Accessed 02/09/2013]. BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2009) Under the influence: the damaging effect of alcohol marketing on young people [WWW] Available from: http://www.alcohollearningcentre. org. uk/_library/undertheinfluence_tcm41-1900621. pdf [Accessed 24/08/13]. HALL, E. (2012) Sobering up the U. K. proves difficult. Advertising Age, 83 (17), pp. 9. HMRC (2013) Tax and Duty Bulletins [WWW] HM Revenue & Customs. Available from: https://www. uktradeinfo. com/Statistics/Pages/TaxAndDutybulletins. aspx [Accessed 01/09/2013]. JERNIGAN, D. (2010) The extent of global alcohol marketing and its impact on youth. Contemporary Drug Problems, 37 (1), pp. 57-89. MACPHERSON, N (1988) The Effect of Alcoholism on Earning Capacity [WWW] Economica. Available from: http://www. economica. ca/ew03_2p1. htm [Accessed 02/09/2013]. NIH (2003) Frequency of Light-to-Moderate Drinking Reduces Heart Disease Risk in Men [WWW] NIH. Available from: http://www. nih. gov/news/pr/jan2003/niaaa-08. htm [Accessed 31/08/2013]. Timms, P. (2013) Alcohol and depression [WWW] Royal College of Psychiatrists’ Public Education Editorial Board. Available from: http://www. rcpsych. ac. uk/mentalhealthinfoforall/problems/alcoholanddrugs/alcoholdepression. aspx [Accessed 31/08/2013]. WILBY, P. (2008) Under the influence. New Statesman, 137 (4887), pp. 17.

Frankenstein3 essays

Frankenstein3 essays the captain of a voyage to the North Pole Walton's sister and confidante to whom he writes his letters a student of Ingolstadt who becomes obsessed with his studies and creates the "monster" Victor's kind-hearted mother who dies of scarlet fever when Victor is seventeen Victor's youngest brother who is strangled to death by the "monster" A close friend of the Frankensteins who is accused and executed for the murder of William Frankenstein Victor's closest friend and traveling companion who is strangled by the "monster" Victor's adopted sister who marries Victor and is killed by the "monster" on their wedding night Victor's natural philosophy professor at the University of Ingolstadt A professor at the University of Ingolstadt whose chemistry lecture inspires Victor to begin his creation An old Irish magistrate who takes care of Victor while he is in prison Victor's creation who is deserted by Victor and rejected by society a blind exile from France who plays the guitar Felix's Arabian fiancee who leaves Turkey and joins Felix Robert Walton and his crew are on an expedition to the North Pole when they come across Victor Frankenstein near death. Walton restores Victor back to health and Victor explains the circumstances which have brought him into the artic regions in this condition. When Victor was a college student at The University of Ingolstadt, he became obsessed with the natural sciences and vowed to be the first to create life. Victor collected bod ...

Skills to Pay The Bills essays

Skills to Pay The Bills essays It has been 30 long years on the force and time has flown by. Who would have thought I had what it took to become Chief of police? I worked hard everyday and I loved every second of it. I have met so many people and seen so many faces. The best part of my job is I get to help people. There is nothing better than resolving conflict or bringing a hardened criminal to justice. I have done every job in law enforcement from street and traffic patrol to criminal investigations. Obviously, to be a good police officer one must be well rounded. I was not just a good law enforcement officer, I was the best. To be the best, an officer must be hardworking and determined. I was every bit of those words and I was successful. Unfortunately my time has come and gone. It is time for me to unlace my Hi-tek boots and trade them in for two first class tickets to the sunny skies of south Florida. I am retiring. As this story illustrates, to be successful in law enforcement, skills police o fficers must have are knowledge of the law, observation skills, and good decision making skills. One skill needed to be successful in law enforcement is knowledge of the law. A police officer that does not have common knowledge of the law should not have the shield. Every police officer takes an oath to the Law Enforcement Code of Ethics. According to Tom Barkers book, Police Ethics: Crisis in Law Enforcement, We will always depend on law enforcement officers who prescribe to the Law Enforcement Code of Ethics to respect the Constitutional rights of all men to liberty, equality, and justice (Barker 13). Police officers have to govern equally no matter what race, religion or creed. There is no room for prejudice in law enforcement. Barker goes on to state, The police in a free society, such as ours, have a hard task to perform. They must perform their duties and exercise their authority within the constraints of the law&quo...

Perspective of song lyrics and poems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Perspective of song lyrics and poems - Essay Example Both forms of writing do share similarities, but by no means are they exactly the same. Despite the differences between the two formats of writing, they can be transferred to each other with a little work. Poems can somewhat more easily be turned into songs with a little work and tweaking. Just the same as if a person was trying to convert numbers, or convert any format or style of writing to another, it does take a little finesse, but none the less, it can be done. Vaughn Daniel, a published writer from MusicCity answered when asked about the topic: â€Å"If I gave someone a poem and asked them to put it to music, I would expect the poem to either be added to or some of it ending up on the cutting room floor. Song lyrics are dictated by the direction the music has taken with the melody. There are also formulas of structure in writing a song. Examples are as follows: These calculated lyric structures may also dictate what the song will sound like musically. If the lyrics are structured correctly, music can be invented just by the way the lyrics flow. Take any popular song and try singing it another way. Chances are you wont like what you hear. Lyrics often take on a life of their own musically† (http://www.musesmuse.com/poem-vs-lyric.html. Daniel shows that with a little work and finesse, a poem can be turned into a song, just that you may loose some of the original impact of the poem in the final version. There are also many similarities between poems and song lyrics. Both poems and lyrics require a person to have a strong command of what ever language they are writing in. These art forms also require the person to be expressive, and to be able to shed their feelings through their medium and express themselves. This is not an easy task, but one that comes though much work for many writers. Also, â€Å"Both poems and song lyrics rely on the potent use of language, Both engage their readers and

Information Technology Service Yakka Tech Pty Ltd Essay

Information Technology Service Yakka Tech Pty Ltd - Essay Example It seems that despite having substantial employee strength, it is not being able to meet the standards as per the demands of its customers. The customer service department has been underperforming which is the present cause of concern for the company. The company has been stagnating and the number of customer complaints has been rising dramatically. This case provides a perfect situation for the identification of management loopholes. Accordingly, suitable recommendations have been proposed for rectifying the situation. The underperformance of employees can be dealt with by applying various theories of management. Employee motivation has a key role to play in this regard. The company has also been facing the problem of employee turnover. A similar issue was raised in Cadbury’s where the turnover rates remained high because of unfavorable conditions and malpractices in the areas of human resource management. However, the situation was brought under control by restructuring the HR strategies. An ideal working environment was provided along with sick pays, holidays and other benefits for the employees (Pinnington, Macklin & Campbel, 2007, p.39). This is a critical human resource issue which requires careful understanding of the causes why the employees have been leaving the organization. It is important to make an in-depth analysis of the reasons for employee dissatisfaction, insecurity and lack of commitment (Taylor, 2002, p.60). High turnover rates result in significant costs to the company in the form of recruitment, training and productivity loss (Reichheld & Teal, 2001, p.96). Research reveals that the organizational hassles often affect the quality of work. The kind of supervision, operational hassles or disagreement about of how something requires being done may be reflected through low productivity and poor performance (Basch & Fisher, 1998, p.6). The situation in Yakka Tech is also similar where the operational hassles results on lack of coordination of resources eventually lowering the level of performance.